Cue counting
Cue counting is a density / abundance estimation method in which, instead of surveying for the animals themselves, we look for cues the animals produce. Classic examples were whale blows (the literature that coined the term), nests or dung, but bird songs or whale sounds have taken over these methods in the last few years. A key difference is present regarding instantaneous versus cues that persist. To convert densities of cues to animal densities we need cue rates for the former (e.g. whale blows or beaked whale clicks), but cue rates and cue disappearance rates for the latter (e.g. nests and dung).
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